Tyre Testing

As tyre is one of important industrial products, global tyre industry is on rapid development along with the boom of auto industry in the world. China, the global manufacturing center, is the largest country for tyre manufacture and export. However, there are more challenges for tyre businesses in China on export when awareness for environmental protection is constantly strengthened and regulations from various countries are issued, especially after Sino-US Tyre Special Safeguard Case.

PAHs Testing

8 PAHs of EU REACH

18 PAHs of GS Mark certification in Germany

16 PAHs of US EPA

PAHs

PAHs usually exist in petrochemical, rubber, plastics, lubricant, antirust oil and organic compounds of incomplete combustion. Partial PAHs remain in the products due to its application in manufacturing process such as that of plastics, dyes and pesticides. There may also be PAHs in rubber and plastic parts, as well as paint and coating of electricals & electronics, toys and childcare products.

REACHAnnex XVII has placed a restriction (refer to Table 1) on 8 PAHs in tyres, their spare parts, retreads,treads and extender oil. Products cannot be placed in the EU market if they fail to comply with the standards.

Table 1: Restriction on PAHs in Tyres and Extender Oil in REACH Annex XVII

Standard	Products shall not be exported if sum of 8 PAHs exceeds the limit stipulated in REACH Annex XVII
BENZO[a]PYRENE(BaP)	1 mg/kg
Sum of 8 PAHs	10 mg/kg

In addition, there are different test methods for products in REACH Annex XVII:

IP 346:2004 is used for measurement of PAHs in extender oil, but it will go invalid according to the amendment of (EU) 2015/326;
EN 16143 will formally supersede IP 346 from 23 September 2016.
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method is applied to measure the content of PAHs in vulcanized rubber according to ISO 21461

Requirements of GS Mark Certification in Germany

In August 2014,the German Committee’ Technische Arbeitsmittel und Verbraucherprodukte (AtAV)’published new regulatory requirements on PAHs for GS Mark certification. The new standard AfPS GS 2014:01 PAK will replace the previous ZEK 01.4-08 since 1 July 2015.

Table 2: List for GS MARK PAHs

(PAHs Comparison between EU REACH Annex XVII and US EPA )

Compound	CAS NO	REACH Annex XVII	US EPA	GS MARK PAHs
NAPHTHALENE	91-20-3		∨	∨
ACENAPHTHYLENE	208-96-8		∨	∨
ACENAPHTHENE	83-32-9		∨	∨
FLUORENE	86-73-7		∨	∨
PHENANTHRENE	85-1-8		∨	∨
ANTHRACENE	120-12-7		∨	∨
FLUORANTHENE	206-44-0		∨	∨
PYRENE	129-00-0		∨	∨
BENZO(a)ANTHRACENE	56-55-3		∨	∨
CHRYSENE	218-01-9	∨	∨	∨
BENZO(b)FLUORANTHENE	205-99-2	∨	∨	∨
BENZO(k)FLUORANTHENE	207-08-9	∨	∨	∨
BENZO(a)PYRENE	50-32-8	∨	∨	∨
DIBENZO(a,h)ANTHRACENE	53-70-3	∨	∨	∨
INDENO(l,2,3-cd)PYRENE	193-39-5		∨	∨
BENZO(g,h,i) PYRENE	191-24-2		∨	∨
BENZO[j]FLUORANTHENE	205-82-3	∨		∨
BENZO[e]PYRENE	192-97-2	∨		∨

Limit and Transitional Period:

To comply with new requirements on PAHs,the German Committee’ Technische Arbeitsmittel und Verbraucherprodukte (AtAV)’published AfPS GS 2014:01 PAK to supersede ZEK 01.4-08 with the transitional period from the publishing date to 1 July 2015. The requirements are as the following:

(1)The limits of PAHs in consumer products shall be subject to new requirements;

(2)Toys shall be subject to the new requirements on PAHs limits as otherwise stipulated;

(2)GS Mark certificate of products that issued after 1 July 2015 shall comply with the stipulation of the new standard AfPS GS 2014:01 PAK.

Table 3 The limits on PAHs for GS MARK shall comply with the following table according to AfPS GS 2014:01 PAK:

Parameter	Category 1	Category 2		Category 3
	Materials intended to be put in the mouth, or materials of toys with intended long-term skin contact (longer than 30s)	Materials not covered by category 1, with foreseeable skin contact for longer than 30 seconds (long-term skin contact) or repeated short-term contact		Materials not covered by Category 1 or 2 with foreseeable skin contact up to 30 seconds (short-term skin contact)
		Toys in the scope of 2009/48/EC	Other products	Toys in the scope of 2009/48/EC	Other products
ACENAPHTHYLENE ACENAPHTHENE FLUORENE PHENANTHRENE PYRENE ANTHRACENE FLUORANTHENE	<1mg/kg	< 5mg/kg	< 10mg/kg	< 20mg/kg	< 50mg/kg
NAPHTHALENE	< 1mg/kg	< 2mg/kg		< 10mg/kg
Respective limits of other 10 PAHs	< 0.2mg/kg	< 0.2mg/kg	<0.5mg/kg	< 0.5mg/kg	<1mg/kg
Total of 18 PAHs	< 1mg/kg	< 5mg/kg	< 10mg/kg	< 20mg/kg	< 50mg/kg

Please feel free to contact test@cirs-group.com or leave us a message if any question. Staffed by experienced specialists, C&K Testing can assure you of the quality and safety of your products by our professional testing services as per different standards.

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